Chimney fires cause thousands of home fires every year — and the vast majority are preventable. Here’s what causes them, how to spot the warning signs, and how to protect your home.
The main causes of chimney fires
- Creosote buildup — the number-one cause. This flammable residue ignites from heat or sparks. (See our guide to creosote.)
- Blockages — bird nests, leaves and debris trap heat and restrict airflow
- Burning the wrong things — wet or unseasoned wood, cardboard and trash create far more creosote
- Cracks in the flue or liner — let heat reach nearby combustible framing
- Overly hot or smoldering fires — both increase risk in different ways
Warning signs you’ve had a chimney fire
Sometimes a slow-burning chimney fire happens without you realizing it. Signs include:
- Puffy or “honeycombed” creosote
- Cracked or damaged flue tiles
- A warped damper or metal
- Discolored or distorted rain cap
- Cracks in the exterior masonry
How to prevent a chimney fire
- Get an annual sweep and inspection
- Burn only dry, seasoned hardwood
- Install a quality cap to keep out debris and animals
- Never leave a fire unattended, and let ashes cool fully before disposal
- Have any cracks or damage repaired promptly
What to do if you have a chimney fire
If you suspect an active chimney fire, get everyone out, call 911, and if you can do so safely, close the appliance’s air supply. Never use water on it. Afterward, have the chimney professionally inspected (a Level 2 inspection) before using it again.
Keep your chimney fire-safe
An annual sweep and inspection is the single best way to prevent a chimney fire.